Bulleh Shah’s Kafi: A Reflection on Chaotic Times

Current events remind me of a very popular kafi (verse, from Arabic lit. Qafiya – rhyming pattern) by the 17th century Sufi philosopher poet Bullah Shah (or, Bulle Shah) – Ultey Hor Zamaane aaye ('Chaotic Times Are Here’): Ulṭey hor zamaaney aaye Taan mein bhed sajan de paayePerverse (topsy-turvy) times are upon us Revealing the …

Symbols are just that

Symbols created by historic, religious or cultural perceptions, events or experiences exist in every culture.  Traditions and language play an important role in developing, maintaining and over a period of time even transforming cultural symbolism.  These days it is not unusual to witness hard-hitting debates about cultural appropriation through the expropriation of “cultural symbols”.  The …